Cancer is a disease that
results from the abnormal growth of cells that uncontrollably, causing the body
to normal tissue that is damaged. Basically, the human body is composed of
trillions of cells scattered in every organ and parts. These cells will
continue to develop into new cells. When the old cells, not healthy and not
functioning again would die naturally.
While cancer cells do
not die by itself. The cells will continue to proliferate and multiply until
the amount already should not be brought under control again. These changes can
trigger the appearance of cancer cells. This disease can appear on any part of
the body because the origins of cells in the human body. Then, there are many
types of cancer are found in humans. It was reported that there are more than
200 types of cancer.
Symptoms of cancer
• unusual bumps appear.
• changes in the skin.
• problems within the
lymph nodes.
• weight down without
cause.
• prolonged cough or
shortness of breath.
• the emergence of
without causing pain.
• The bleeding is not
normal.
If you have any signs or
symptoms of cancer mentioned above, or have any questions about the symptoms of
this disease, you should immediately talk to a doctor.
Causes of cancer
Cancer is the most
common cause of changes (mutations) in the genes in cells in gene, there are
thousands of DNA that will provide instructions on the cell to perform its
function in the cell organs, a place to live. Unfortunately, this process does
not always run perfectly. When cells divide, there is a risk that the new cells
are born from the divisions contain the faulty gene or duplicated too much.
Changes in the structure of the genes in these cells is referred to as gene
mutation.
Typically, a new gene
mutation will potentially cause cancer if there is more than five times and
involves different genes. This process can take up to a year to dividing cells
and cancer cells form large enough. It was not until symptoms start to appear
and the cancer cells appear when the body is examined. But in children, gene
damage has happened since in the womb or at birth.
In General, there are
two factors cause cancer most frequently occurs, i.e. internal factors (such as
descendants) and external factors (such as hormonal changes, obesity, lack of
exercise, smoking habit, as well as exposure to radiation, viruses.
Risk factors
There are many factors
that increase the risk of developing cancer. Among other things:
• A Family History.
• age. Age above 65 years are more susceptible to cancer.
• bad habits. Such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption,
excessive sun exposure, obesity, and unsafe sex.
• health conditions. Some of the chronic health conditions such as
ulcerative colitis can increase the risk of the emergence of a certain type of
kidney disease.
• the environment. Harmful chemicals like benzene and asbestos in
the home or workplace can be a factor that increases the risk of this disease.
Cancer Diagnosis
It is highly recommended
to diagnose the disease as quickly as possible to get the best opportunity for
healing, especially in the early stages. The doctor may use one or more
approaches to diagnose this disease. Some tests are customarily done doctor to
diagnose this disease in them with physical examinations, laboratory tests
(such as blood tests), Imaging tests (such as x-rays, MRIS, ULTRASOUNDS and CT
scans), and biopsy.
The treatment of cancer
Cancer drugs essentially
depends on the type and stage of disease, the potential side effects, as well
as the choice and the general health of the patient. In General, here are some
of the most common cancer drug:
1. Chemotherapy is a
treatment that uses chemicals with strong intensity to kill cells that grow
quickly in the body. The most commonly used chemotherapy as a cancer drug,
because the disease is growing faster than the normal cells in the body.
Chemotherapy drugs can be used alone or combined as a cancer drug. Chemotherapy
is an effective way to treat many different types of this disease but have the
risk of side effects should also be looking out for.
2. Radiotherapy is a
treatment that relies on radiation by using high energy x-ray waves, gamma,
protons and electrons to kill cancer cells. Although radiotherapy is most often
used as a cure for cancer, sometimes therapy is also used to treat patients who
are not exposed to these diseases, such as tumors and disorders of the thyroid
gland.
3. Target therapy is
therapy that uses drugs or other chemicals to identify and attack specific
cancer cells without killing normal cells. This therapy include monoclonal
antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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